{"id":99,"date":"2022-03-06T14:59:56","date_gmt":"2022-03-06T06:59:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/?p=99"},"modified":"2023-01-24T11:03:38","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T03:03:38","slug":"%e7%99%bd%e6%be%b3%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e4%b8%8b%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%8d%8e%e5%95%86%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%a0%e6%89%bf%e4%b8%8e%e8%bd%ac%e5%9e%8b-%e6%be%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/2022\/03\/06\/%e7%99%bd%e6%be%b3%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e4%b8%8b%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%8d%8e%e5%95%86%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%a0%e6%89%bf%e4%b8%8e%e8%bd%ac%e5%9e%8b-%e6%be%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u534e\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u8f6c\u578b \u2014\u2014\u6fb3\u6863\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u201c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u201d\u5546\u884c\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u534e\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u8f6c\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u6fb3\u6863\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u201c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u201d\u5546\u884c\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7c9f\u660e\u9c9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a(Victoria)\u57281852\u5e74\u53d1\u73b0\u91d1\u77ff\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a(California)\u91d1\u77ff\u53d1\u73b0\u4e4b\u540e\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u573a\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u6279\u6000\u63e3\u53d1\u8d22\u68a6\u60f3\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u8702\u62e5\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u524d\u6765\u6dd8\u91d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u7684\u56db\u9091(\u65b0\u4f1a\u3001\u53f0\u5c71[\u65b0\u5b81]\u3001\u5f00\u5e73\u3001\u6069\u5e73)\u53ca\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u7701\u57ce\u5e7f\u5dde\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u5730\u533a[1]<\/a>\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u56db\u9091\u4eba\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4fbf\u6210\u7fa4\u7ed3\u961f\u524d\u6765\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u65b0\u5357\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb(New South Wales)\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c71(\u9999\u5c71)\u4eba\u662f\u76f4\u52301870\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5927\u6279\u767b\u9646\u4eae\u76f8\u30021869\u5e74\uff0c\u6606\u58eb\u5170(Queensland)\u548c\u5317\u9886\u5730(Northern Territory)\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u6709\u91d1\u77ff\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u65b0\u5357\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u91d1\u77ff\u4ea7\u5730\u9971\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6dd8\u91d1\u5ba2\u9042\u7eb7\u7eb7\u79bb\u5f00\u8fd9\u91cc\u5317\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5176\u53d1\u8d22\u68a6\u60f3\uff1b\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u795e\u5dde\u5927\u5730\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u524d\u6765\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u60f3\u5706\u6dd8\u91d1\u68a6\u4ee5\u4e2d\u5c71\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ece\u6d77\u8def\u5728\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u767b\u5cb8\uff0c\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u805a\u96c6\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e07\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6dd8\u91d1\u5ba2[2]<\/a>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\u6765\u5f97\u5feb\uff0c\u53bb\u5f97\u4e5f\u5feb\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u91d1\u77ff\u67af\u7aed\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u6765\u6b64\u6dd8\u91d1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u76f8\u7387\u79bb\u53bb\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u8005\u5219\u8f97\u8f6c\u8fdb\u5165\u90fd\u5e02\u548c\u9644\u8fd1\u4e61\u6751\uff0c\u62d3\u57a6\u8352\u5730\uff0c\u79cd\u690d\u9999\u8549\u3001\u7389\u7c73\u3001\u7518\u8517\u751a\u81f3\u7a3b\u8c37\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5219\u5728\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u7684\u4e61\u9547\u751a\u81f3\u8fdc\u8d74\u65b0\u5357\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u7684\u6089\u5c3c(Sydney)\u53ca\u9644\u8fd1\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u7ecf\u8425\u679c\u680f\u3001\u6d17\u8863\u5e97\u3001\u5bb6\u5177\u5382\u4ee5\u53ca\u6742\u8d27\u94fa\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u8fd9\u5757\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u5b9a\u5c45\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u4fbf\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4e2d\u5c71\u4eba[3]<\/a>\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e61\u9547\u4e2d\u5f00\u8bbe\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5546\u94fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u4e61\u9547\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u90fd\u5e02\u5546\u754c\u7684\u8054\u7edc\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e26\u7ed9\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u5176\u4e0e\u4e9a\u6d32\u5730\u533a(\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9999\u6e2f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u4ecb)\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8054\u7cfb[4]<\/a>\u3002\u800c\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u57281901\u5e74\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8054\u90a6\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u6240\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u4e9a\u88d4\u7684\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u7684\u5927\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e61\u9547\u534e\u4eba\u5546\u94fa\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u627f\u548c\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8fd9\u5757\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u62d3\u5c55\u751f\u610f\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4f7f\u5176\u5bb6\u5ead\u5728\u6b64\u624e\u4e0b\u6839\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6863\u6848\u9986\u4e2d\u6240\u85cf\u7684\u6d89\u53ca\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u5dde\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57e0(Townsville)\u201c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u201d(Lum Mow & Co.)\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b97\u5377\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u89e6\u53ca\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6279\u6863\u6848\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fa7\u9762\u6765\u63ed\u793a\u534e\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u9650\u5236\u4e0b\u8270\u96be\u524d\u884c\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6797\u8302(Lum Mow)\u662f\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u9999\u5c71(1924\u5e74\u540e\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u5c71\u201d)\u53bf\u77f3\u5c90\u9547\u4eba\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e1878\u5e749\u670823\u65e5[5]<\/a>\u3002\u5e74\u65b9\u5341\u516b\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4fbf\u50cf\u5f53\u5e74\u8bb8\u591a\u9999\u5c71\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8ddf\u968f\u4e61\u4eba\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u4e70\u69d5\u5357\u6e21\uff0c\u4e8e1896\u5e74\u5728\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u575a\u5e02(Cairns)\u767b\u9646\uff0c\u5165\u5883\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fbf\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e26\u95ef\u8361\u505a\u5de5\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u8fdb\u5165\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57e0\u7acb\u8db3[6]<\/a>\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u56e0\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\u5df2\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u65e9\u5df2\u5206\u6563\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e61\u9547\u7ecf\u8425\u5546\u94fa\u4e0e\u79cd\u690d\u4e1a\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u8ddf\u7740\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8425\u751f\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5e74\u62fc\u640f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6876\u91d1\u5e76\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u957f\u671f\u5c45\u6c11\u8d44\u683c\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1900\u5e74\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57e0\u79df\u8d41\u53f8\u94ce\u514b\u65af\u8857(Stokes Street)19\u53f7\u7684\u7269\u4e1a\uff0c\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86\u4e00\u95f4\u7531\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u5bb6\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u5546\u94fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e97\u540d\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8425\u6742\u8d27(\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u571f\u7279\u4ea7)\u3001\u679c\u852c\u3001\u7cd6\u679c\u548c\u9999\u70df\u7b49\u8d27\u54c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u9500\u552e\u81ea\u5236\u7684\u996e\u6599\u3002\u52301904\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u5546\u884c\u7684\u751f\u610f\u4ef7\u503c\u5df2\u8fbe175\u9551[7]<\/a>\uff0c1919\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u610f\u4ef7\u503c\u8fbe\u5230400\u9551\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u53ef\u8fbe80\u9551\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5176\u751f\u610f\u5174\u9686\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57e0\u6570\u5f97\u4e0a\u7684\u534e\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b\u800c\u6797\u8302\u672c\u4eba\u58f0\u8a89\u4e0e\u64cd\u5b88\u4ea6\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u53e3\u7891[8]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u751f\u610f\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u624b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e86\u79ef\u84c4\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u9042\u51b3\u5b9a\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8ddf\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u5728\u6fb3\u7ecf\u8425\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\u6709\u4e86\u4e9b\u8bb8\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7426\u5c81\u7684\u6797\u8302\u56de\u4e61\u63a2\u4eb2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u7ed3\u5a5a\u30021904\u5e744\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u62fc\u640f\u516b\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c0f\u6709\u6240\u6210\u7684\u6797\u8302\u5c06\u751f\u610f\u6258\u4ed8\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ee3\u7ba1\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u4ece\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6e2f\u53e3\u642d\u4e58\u8fc7\u8def\u7684\u201c\u8863\u5e02\u987f\u201d(Eastern)\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u79bb\u5f00\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u524d\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u8f6c\u9053\u56de\u4e61\u63a2\u4eb2\u3002\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5a5a\u59fb\u5927\u4e8b\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u50cf\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5728\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u5bb6\u4eba\u7533\u8bf7\u8d74\u6fb3\u5b9a\u5c45\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u5c06\u59bb\u5b50\u5bb6\u4eba\u7559\u5728\u5bb6\u4e61\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u53ea\u8eab\u8fd4\u6fb3\uff0c\u4e8e1905\u5e743\u670830\u65e5\u8fd4\u56de\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ecf\u8425\u5176\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u6323\u94b1\uff0c\u8d61\u517b\u5bb6\u5c0f\u3002\u56e0\u60e6\u8bb0\u7740\u5728\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u548c\u5bb6\u4eba\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u768420\u591a\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u6bcf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5e74\u4fbf\u8fd4\u4e61\u63a2\u4eb2\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u80b2\u56db\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\uff1b\u63a2\u4eb2\u65f6\u4ed6\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u5728\u5bb6\u4e61\u76d8\u6853\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e8e\u7236\u6bcd\u4ee5\u5c3d\u5b50\u5b5d\uff0c\u4e8e\u59bb\u5b50\u4ee5\u5c3d\u592b\u8d23\uff0c\u4e8e\u5b50\u5973\u5219\u4ee5\u5c3d\u7236\u804c[9]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6797\u8302\u5e74\u903e\u5f31\u51a0\u4fbf\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u521b\u4e1a\u7ecf\u5546\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u5386\u7ecf\u98ce\u971c\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5386\u7ecf\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fbf\u5f00\u59cb\u8003\u8651\u5176\u751f\u610f\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u627f\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u90fd\u672a\u6210\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5148\u5c06\u513f\u5b50\u7533\u8bf7\u5230\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u5f85\u5176\u5b66\u6210\uff0c\u518d\u4f5c\u8ba1\u8f83\uff0c\u5373\u5e0c\u671b\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u673a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7559\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u5176\u751f\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

1920\u5e741\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u901a\u8fc7\u540c\u57ce\u7684\u8d3a\u535a\u65af\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u4e0e\u962e\u6c0f\u5f8b\u5e08\u884c(Hobbs Wilson & Ryan)\u5411\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57e0\u6d77\u5173\u63d0\u51fa\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f53\u5c40\u51c6\u5141\u5176\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1907\u5e745\u670821\u65e5\u7684\u513f\u5b50Lum Goon Way(\u6797\u5143\u5feb\uff0c\u8bd1\u97f3)\u524d\u6765\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5f53\u5730\u516c\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u5176\u5b50\u5b66\u6210\u540e\u4fbf\u8ba9\u4ed6\u8fd4\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u6d77\u5173\u901a\u8fc7\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u4e86\u89e3\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u6797\u8302\u56e0\u88ab\u4e3e\u62a5\u6d89\u5acc\u7ecf\u8425\u8d4c\u535a\u751f\u610f\u66fe\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u8b66\u65b9\u7ecf\u591a\u65b9\u8c03\u67e5\u672a\u83b7\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u6b64\u4e8b\u4fbf\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\u4e4b\uff1b\u800c\u8b66\u65b9\u4e5f\u5411\u6d77\u5173\u8bf4\u660e\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6797\u8302\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u505a\u751f\u610f\u7684\u5546\u4eba\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u53cd\u6620\u4e5f\u90fd\u5f88\u6b63\u9762\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u5b88\u6cd5\u5546\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u6d77\u5173\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u4e3e\u62a5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6279\u590d\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e743\u670815\u65e5\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7533\u8bf7[10]<\/a>\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8ddd\u79bb\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u5c45\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u5728\u534e\u5b50\u5973\u5f00\u653e\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u3001\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9e\u65bd\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7ae0\u7a0b\u300b\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u5927\u534a\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ae0\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c45\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7533\u8bf7\u5176\u5e74\u9f84\u4ecb\u4e8e10\u5c81\u523024\u5c81\u7684\u5728\u534e\u5b50\u5973\u524d\u6765\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u6797\u5143\u5feb\u6b64\u65f613\u5c81\uff0c\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7559\u5b66\u6761\u4f8b\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u7684\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5f53\u5c40\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u9632\u8303\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8d74\u6fb3\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u653f\u7b56\u5373\u5c06\u5b9e\u65bd\u800c\u4e88\u4ee5\u901a\u878d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u6309\u71671912\u5e74\u6fb3\u3001\u4e2d\u4e24\u56fd\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5546\u4eba\u8d74\u6fb3\u7ba1\u7406\u6761\u4f8b\u300b(Chinese Student and Merchant Regulations)\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u987b\u572817\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a[11]<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u6797\u8302\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7533\u8bf7\u88ab\u62d2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7ae0\u7a0b\u300b\u5b9e\u65bd\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4fbf\u5f97\u77e5\u4e86\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u9042\u51b3\u5b9a\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e8e1921\u5e744\u670830\u65e5\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u9012\u8868\u529e\u7406\u513f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb(Lum Wie\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u4ee5\u7236\u4eb2\u6797\u8302\u7684\u5168\u540d\u4e3a\u59d3\uff0c\u4ee5\u897f\u4eba\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u5c06\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u540d\u6539\u6210\u4e86William Lum Mow[\u5a01\u5ec9\u6797\u8302])\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u9012\u4ea4\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u513f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f\u586b\u5199\u4e3a1906\u5e749\u670821\u65e5[12]<\/a>\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u9996\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u540e\u8fd4\u6fb3\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u662f1905\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u5219\u662f\u57281906\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u7236\u4eb2\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e61\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u4e4b\u540e\u51fa\u751f\u3002\u800c\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u6797\u8302\u7533\u8bf7\u513f\u5b50\u6797\u5143\u5feb\u6765\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u7559\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5176\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f\u662f1907\u5e745\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u8ddd\u5176\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u63a2\u4eb2\u56de\u5230\u5bb6\u4e61\u4e0d\u8db3\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u751f\u51fa\u513f\u5b50\u6765\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u4efd\u6539\u665a\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u53731920\u5e74\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u6797\u5143\u5feb\u5c31\u662f1921\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7559\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u6797\u5feb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7565\u53bb\u5176\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f\u90fd\u662f21\u65e5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u4e4b\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u62fc\u97f3\u7686\u4ee5W\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5c45\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u62fc\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u62fc\u97f3\u5199\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7565\u53bb\u4e2d\u95f4\u540d\u4ea6\u5373\u53cc\u540d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u800c\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u4e5f\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4f55\u4ee5\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6797\u8302\u7684\u5934\u4e8c\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0a\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4fbf\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u4eb2\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bb0\u5f97\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u786e\u5207\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u6708\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4ec5\u51ed\u5370\u8c61\u6216\u8005\u4f30\u8ba1\u4fbf\u586b\u4e86\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6797\u8302\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5c45\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u5b50\u5973\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u88ab\u6838\u53d1\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7684\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5ba1\u6838\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u91cd\u65b0\u627e\u5230\u8bc1\u636e\u5e76\u4e88\u4ee5\u6539\u6b63\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u8d74\u6fb3\u7b7e\u8bc1\u62d2\u7b7e\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff1b\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6b64\u4fa5\u5e78\u8499\u6df7\u8fc7\u5173[13]<\/a>\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u6797\u8302\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e09\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u90fd\u50cf\u5176\u5927\u54e5\u6797\u5feb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ee5\u7236\u4eb2\u5168\u540d\u4f5c\u59d3\uff0c\u4ee5\u897f\u4eba\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u5176\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u77e5\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6b21\u5b50\u8bfa\u66fc\u6797\u8302(Norman Lum Mow\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u65f6\u5199\u6210Alan Norman Lum Mow\uff0c\u6216\u8005Norman Lum Lock[\u6797\u4e50\uff0c\u8bd1\u97f3])\u7684\u6863\u6848\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e09\u5b50\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302(Thomas Lum Mow)\u636e\u62a5\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1914\u5e747\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u8ddd\u6797\u8302\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u6fb3\u6d32\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6709\u8bef\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u5b50\u8f69\u5398\u6797\u8302(Henry Lum Mow)\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f(1915\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5)\u662f\u5728\u6797\u8302\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u62b5\u8fbe\u5bb6\u4e61\u540e\u5341\u4e2a\u6708\u624d\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u6797\u8302\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u65e0\u8bef[14]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7ae0\u7a0b\u300b\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u8fdb\u5c55\u987a\u5229\u30021921\u5e745\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9b4f\u5b50\u4eac\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7b7e\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u62a4\u7167(\u53f7\u780145\/S\/21)\uff1b5\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u4e5f\u6838\u53d1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u5c31\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u6797\u5feb\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u5b89\u6392\u597d\u4e86\u884c\u7a0b\uff0c\u8d76\u8d74\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u642d\u4e58\u4e2d\u6fb3\u8239\u884c\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u201c\u83b7\u591a\u5229\u201d(Victoria)\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e749\u670814\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\uff0c\u5165\u5883\u6fb3\u6d32\uff0c\u4ece9\u670826\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u5165\u8bfb\u8be5\u57e0\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u7acb\u5b66\u6821(Central State School)\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u719f\u7ec3\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u5e76\u987a\u5229\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5c0f\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece1925\u5e74\u65b0\u5b66\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5347\u8bfb\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u4e2d\u5b66(Townsville High School)\u3002\u534a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8f6c\u5b66\u8fdb\u5165\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u4e3b\u529e\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662(Christian Brothers\u2019 College)\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ff5\u4e2d\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u5728\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u987a\u5229\u8bfb\u4e66\u9887\u6709\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c1924\u5e74\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7ea6\u57281908\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u6b21\u5b50\u6797\u4e50\u7533\u8bf7\u5230\u4e86\u7559\u5b66\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u6797\u8302\u7ed3\u675f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u63a2\u4eb2\u8fd4\u56de\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u643a\u5e26\u6b21\u5b50\u540c\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4e5f\u8ba9\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0a\u8ff0\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u5ff5\u4e66[15]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u5728\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u5b66\u4e60\u987a\u5229\u5e76\u8fc5\u901f\u6210\u957f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5927\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u751f\u610f\u4e5f\u8d8a\u505a\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u6797\u8302\u57281924\u5e748\u670816\u65e5\u7ed3\u675f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u63a2\u4eb2\u56de\u5230\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u7b56\u5212\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7740\u8ba9\u957f\u5b50\u63a5\u73ed\uff0c\u4ee5\u62d3\u5c55\u751f\u610f\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u572840\u591a\u5c81\u7684\u58ee\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\u4fbf\u7740\u624b\u4f20\u627f\u751f\u610f\u7ed9\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd8\u56e0\u5176\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u610f\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\uff0c\u51e1\u4e8b\u4eb2\u529b\u4eb2\u4e3a\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u900f\u652f\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u65e5\u4e0b\uff0c\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5ef6\u533b\u6cbb\u75c5\uff0c\u8c03\u517b\u8eab\u4f53\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u5df2\u7ecf18\u5c81\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u5229\u7528\u8bfe\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u4e2d\u6253\u4e0b\u624b\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u719f\u6089\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c1924\u5e7410\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4fbf\u81f4\u51fd\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6d77\u5173\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5176\u672c\u4eba\u8981\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u5e95\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u5e0c\u671b\u7531\u5176\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u5e74\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u4ee3\u5176\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\uff0c\u7279\u4e3a\u513f\u5b50\u7533\u8bf7\u5c06\u5b66\u751f\u7b7e\u8bc1\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5546\u52a1\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u66ff\u5de5\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u7ecf\u5927\u534a\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u62d6\u5ef6\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7533\u8bf7\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u6279\u590d\uff0c\u6d77\u5173\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e88\u4ee5\u56de\u590d\u30021925\u5e748\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4fbf\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u63d0\u51fa\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u5e74\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u65e9\u5df2\u8d85\u8fc75000\u9551\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u4e8b\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u8d38\u6613\u3002\u6309\u7167\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u72ec\u5bb6\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u534e\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u5e74\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u8fbe\u52301500\u9551\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e00\u540d\u5e97\u5458\u52a9\u7406\u6216\u8005\u66ff\u5de5\u534f\u52a9\u7ecf\u8425[16]<\/a>\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u4e8e9\u670814\u65e5\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u751f\u610f\u4ea4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e7412\u670822\u65e5\u79bb\u5f00\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\uff0c\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u517b\u75c5\u3002\u6797\u5feb\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u597d\u78b0\u4e0a\u5b66\u5e74\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u653e\u6691\u5047\uff0c\u4fbf\u7531\u6b64\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ece\u5b66\u6821\u9000\u5b66\uff0c\u63a5\u66ff\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4ee3\u7236\u7167\u6599\u4ecd\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u6797\u4e50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u7684\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u8f83\u4e4b\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u957f\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u6574\u6574\u4e8c\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u4e8e1927\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\u56de\u5230\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8c\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4e86\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5546\u94fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u751f\u610f\u6709\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u5546\u884c\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u4ef7\u503c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u56db\u5343\u9551\u3002\u52301928\u5e74\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u7ed3\u7b97\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u5e74\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u5df2\u8fbe15000\u9551\uff0c\u5546\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd8\u96c7\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u56db\u540d\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u6b64\u65f6\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u6709\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u8005\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u66ff\u5de5\u8005\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u5c06\u5de5\u4f5c\u79fb\u4ea4\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8ba2\u597d\u8239\u7968\uff0c\u56de\u8fd4\u539f\u51fa\u53d1\u5730\u3002\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7ecf\u5546\u9887\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6797\u8302\u5f88\u77e5\u9053\u9075\u5b88\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u5426\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5546\u884c\u4ee5\u540e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f20\u627f\u7ed9\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u7167\u7740\u89c4\u5219\u505a\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c1928\u5e742\u670825\u65e5\uff0c22\u5c81\u7684\u6797\u5feb\u5728\u79fb\u4ea4\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\u4fbf\u544a\u522b\u7236\u4eb2\uff0c\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6e2f\u53e3\u642d\u4e0a\u8def\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u592a\u5e73\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u9a76\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u6682\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u516d\u5e74\u534a\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u751f\u6daf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u679c\u7136\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u5546\u884c\u9010\u6b65\u5730\u4f20\u627f\u7ed9\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u7ee7\u7eed\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u884c\u4e8b\u30021928\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9b4f\u5b50\u4eac\u5411\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8054\u90a6\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7533\u8bf7\u5176\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u524d\u6765\u63a5\u66ff\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u56de\u8fd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cbb\u75c5\u4f11\u517b\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53bb\u5e74\u5e95\u56de\u5230\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u539f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5728\u957f\u5b50\u79bb\u5f00\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4f1a\u6162\u6162\u590d\u539f\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\u662f\u4e0d\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u597d\u8f6c\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6bcf\u51b5\u65e5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u53bb\u6cbb\u7597\u5eb7\u590d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u4ed6\u7684\u5546\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bb6\u5927\u4e1a\u5927\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u524d\u6765\u534f\u52a9\u4ee3\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u65b9\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u7ef4\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5730\u79bb\u5f00\u3002\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7684\u6838\u67e5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\u91cc\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u867d\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u5546\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u6d88\u5316\u4e0d\u826f\u53ca\u504f\u5934\u75bc\u662f\u5176\u75fc\u75be\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u533b\u751f\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u6545\u5f53\u5730\u533b\u7597\u90e8\u95e8\u4e5f\u5efa\u8bae\u4ed6\u6362\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5eb6\u51e0\u80fd\u8ba9\u4ed6\u65e9\u65e5\u5eb7\u590d\u3002\u83b7\u77e5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b9e\u60c5\u5e76\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u4e5f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u4e8e6\u670819\u65e5\u6279\u590d\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6797\u5feb\u5728\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u7565\u4f5c\u5b89\u6392\u4fbf\u53bb\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u592a\u5e73\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\u9a76\u6fb3\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e7411\u670829\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\uff0c\u63a5\u624b\u7ba1\u7406\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5546\u94fa\u3002\u800c\u6797\u8302\u4fbf\u5728\u6b21\u5e741\u670818\u65e5\u767b\u4e0a\u8fc7\u8def\u7684\u201c\u541e\u6253\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u56de\u8fd4\u5bb6\u4e61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u7684\u4e09\u5b50\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302\u548c\u56db\u5b50\u8f69\u5398\u6797\u8302\u5df2\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u8bfb\u5b8c\u5c0f\u5b66\uff0c\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5230\u4e86\u8981\u6765\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u539f\u672c\u4ed6\u662f\u60f3\u5728\u79bb\u6fb3\u524d\u4fbf\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u529e\u597d\u7559\u5b66\u624b\u7eed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u592a\u5fd9\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u56e0\u8eab\u4f53\u6b20\u4f73\uff0c\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u529e\u7406\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728\u4e34\u8d70\u524d\u5c06\u6b64\u4e8b\u4ea4\u7531\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1914\u5e745\u670822\u65e5\u7684\u4f84\u5b50\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c(George Bowne\u4ea6\u5373\u6797\u672c)\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u4e09\u5b50\u548c\u56db\u5b50\u5e74\u9f84\u76f8\u82e5\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u4e5f\u8ba1\u5212\u5c06\u5176\u4e00\u8d77\u7533\u8bf7\u6765\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5802\u5144\u5f1f\u4e09\u4eba\u4f5c\u4f34\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u65e5\u540e\u5546\u884c\u4eba\u624b\u77ed\u7f3a\u65f6\u6709\u4eb2\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5373\u65f6\u9876\u4e0a\uff0c\u6545\u4ed6\u5c06\u6797\u672c(\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c)\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u4e5f\u4e00\u5e76\u4ea4\u7531\u6797\u5feb\u8d1f\u8d23[17]<\/a>\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u7236\u4eb2\u79bb\u5883\u7684\u6b21\u65e5\u53731929\u5e741\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u5c31\u4ee3\u7236\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8c\u80de\u5f1f\u548c\u5802\u5f1f\u4e09\u4eba\u586b\u59a5\u7533\u8bf7\u8868\uff0c\u9012\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u529e\u6765\u5165\u8bfb\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u9887\u5177\u540d\u671b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u524d\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9b4f\u5b50\u4eac\u79bb\u4efb\uff0c\u65b0\u4efb\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u5b8b\u53d1\u7965\u5c1a\u672a\u62b5\u8fbe\u6fb3\u6d32\u5c65\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u6863\u671f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4efd\u7533\u8bf7\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u803d\u8bef\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ca\u65f6\u7ed9\u4e88\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e8e\u540c\u5e742\u670812\u65e5\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4e3a\u6797\u5bb6\u5144\u5f1f\u8f69\u5398\u3001\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u3001\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u5206\u522b\u7b7e\u53d1\u4e86\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3a530\/S\/29\u3001531\/S\/29\u548c532\/S\/29\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u62a4\u7167\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u4e5f\u81f4\u51fd\u6fb3\u6d32\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\uff0c\u9644\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e09\u4eba\u7533\u529e\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5ba1\u6838\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u4eba\u7684\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5bf9\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u6311\u5254\u7684\u773c\u5149\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u5b83\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0a\u3002\u4ece\u524d\u8ff0\u6797\u8302\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u663e\u7136\u5c31\u5bf9\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u662f\u6797\u8302\u4e4b\u5b50\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u51fa\u751f\u4e4b\u65e5\u671f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u51fa\u6797\u8302\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u5341\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c1929\u5e745\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u65b0\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u5b8b\u53d1\u7965\u590d\u51fd\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u804c\u5458\u5728\u5f55\u5165\u65f6\u8bef\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u5386\u4e0e\u516c\u5386\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u800c\u628a\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u751f\u65e5\u641e\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8868\u683c\u5bc4\u53bb\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u8bf7\u5176\u6838\u5bf9\u3002\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4efd\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4efd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u8868\uff0c\u65e0\u4ece\u5f97\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u51fa\u751f\u65e5\u671f\u4e3a\u4f55\u3002\u4ece\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u6b64\u540e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u672a\u518d\u53d1\u8868\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u89c1\u6765\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u6797\u8302\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u7236\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u8ba9\u4eba\u8d28\u7591\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8840\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u4e00\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u5e74\u572814\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u82f1\u8bed\u5b66\u8bc6\u80fd\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\u4e4b\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5b8b\u53d1\u7965\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u4e5f\u8bbe\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6797\u8302\u8054\u7edc\uff0c\u7ecf\u591a\u65b9\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e7412\u670812\u65e5\u4ece\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c71\u53bf\u77f3\u5c90\u9547\u7684\u5927\u540c\u82f1\u6587\u5b66\u6821(Tai Tung English School)\u6821\u957f\u90a3\u91cc\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u8f69\u5398\u548c\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u82f1\u8bed\u5b66\u8bc6\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u56e0\u7ecf\u5546\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u6797\u8302\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u90fd\u9001\u5165\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u89c1\u5176\u4e00\u5207\u6761\u4ef6\u5177\u5907\uff0c\u5ba1\u6838\u65e0\u8bef\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u57281930\u5e742\u670827\u65e5\u6838\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e86\u8f69\u5398\u548c\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c(\u6797\u672c)\u7684\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1[18]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u539f\u672c\u4e0e\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u8ff0\u81f3\u6b64\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u89c1\u8e2a\u5f71\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u77e5\u4ed6\u4f55\u65f6\u518d\u63d0\u4ea4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8865\u5145\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4e5f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5ba1\u6838\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u4e5f\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0e\u5176\u5802\u5144\u548c\u80de\u5f1f\u4e00\u8d77\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8f69\u5398\u548c\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u83b7\u5f97\u7b7e\u8bc1\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u5c31\u8d76\u8d74\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u541e\u6253\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u542f\u7a0b\u53bb\u5230\u4e86\u6fb3\u6d32\uff0c\u4e8e1930\u5e744\u67081\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c64\u65f6\u5a01\u7089\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u8bfb\u4e66[19]<\/a>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7684\u8f69\u5398\u548c\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u5374\u6ca1\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u542f\u7a0b\u4e0e\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u4e00\u9053\u524d\u6765\u6fb3\u6d32\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u7684\u6797\u8302\u7a81\u7136\u75c5\u91cd\uff0c\u8f69\u5398\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u7167\u6599\u7236\u4eb2\uff1b\u800c\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u548c\u8f69\u5398\u7ed3\u4f34\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ea\u597d\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u966a\u7740\u8f69\u5398\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u7b49\u7740\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4e00\u9053\u8d74\u6fb3\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u88ab\u6574\u6574\u803d\u6401\u4e86\u4e8c\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u76f4\u52301932\u5e7411\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u5f85\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u75c5\u60c5\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u89e3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c17\u5c81\u7684\u8f69\u5398\u624d\u4ece\u9999\u6e2f\u4e58\u5750\u201c\u5e38\u5fb7\u201d\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u5165\u5883\u6fb3\u6d32\u3002\u4f46\u539f\u672c\u4e5f\u8981\u6765\u6fb3\u6d32\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u6700\u7ec8\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u548c\u8f69\u5398\u4e00\u8d77\u524d\u6765\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u8be6\uff0c\u6863\u6848\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u5b57\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e88\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6b64\u65f6\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e74\u8fc718\u5c81\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5230\u4e86\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bfb\u4e66\u6216\u8005\u662f\u8d70\u4e0a\u793e\u4f1a\u505a\u4e8b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4ed6\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5347\u8bfb\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u8005\u505a\u5de5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u88ab\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6240\u803d\u6401\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u6765\u6fb3\u6d32\u7559\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u9646\u7eed\u7533\u529e\u513f\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f84\u513f\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u7684\u5546\u884c\u4f20\u627f\u5c31\u56e0\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5949\u884c\u7684\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u6b65\u5c65\u8270\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e0e\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5546\u884c\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u94fa\u597d\u4e86\u8def\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u9aa8\u773c\u4e0a\uff0c\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\u5374\u8ba9\u6797\u8302\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b89\u6392\u6253\u4e86\u6298\u6263\u3002<\/p>\n

1931\u5e74\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u540c\u57e018\u5c81\u7684\u6fb3\u5973\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u5c14(Agnes Breuer)\uff0c\u4e8c\u4eba\u77ac\u5373\u5815\u5165\u7231\u6cb3\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u5e74\u5e95\u7ed3\u5a5a\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e61\u5ea6\u871c\u6708\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u5e0c\u671b\u5df2\u7ecf23\u5c81\u7684\u4e8c\u5f1f\u6797\u4e50\u4ece\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u505c\u5b66\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee3\u4ed6\u7167\u7ba1\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u7684\u751f\u610f\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b49\u4ed6\u5ea6\u871c\u6708\u56de\u6765\u540e\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u5b66\u6821\u5b8c\u6210\u4e2d\u5b66\u5b66\u4e1a\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7533\u8bf7\u8ba9\u6797\u4e50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u66ff\u5de5\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u6797\u4e50\u4e0d\u592a\u60c5\u613f\u505c\u5b66\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u5546\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u63a5\u624b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u5728\u96ea\u68a8(Sydney)\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4ea6\u5373\u4eb2\u5bb6\u5373\u6c38\u751f\u516c\u53f8(Wing Sang & Co.)\u7684\u80a1\u4e1c\u9a6c\u8f9b\u5df2(Mar Sun Gee)\u53ca\u7ecf\u7406\u5218\u5149\u798f(William J. L. Liu)\u9042\u5e94\u9080\u51fa\u9762\uff0c\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e749\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0e\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5546\u8ba8\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6797\u8302\u8eab\u4f53\u6761\u4ef6\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u4ed6\u6682\u65f6\u56de\u6765\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u5e26\u4e00\u4e0b\u513f\u5b50\u6797\u4e50\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5c3d\u5feb\u4e0a\u624b\uff0c\u9876\u66ff\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5f85\u6797\u5feb\u5ea6\u5047\u56de\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u91cd\u65b0\u7ba1\u7406\u5546\u884c\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u89c9\u5f97\u6b64\u529e\u6cd5\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u9042\u5728\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u5546\u52a1\u7b7e\u8bc1\u5230\u671f\u65f6\uff0c\u51c6\u5141\u5ef6\u7b7e\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u671f\u52301932\u5e74\u76841\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u6797\u4e50\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7b7e\u8bc1\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5546\u52a1\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u65f6\u6548\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u4fbf\u57281931\u5e7412\u6708\u4e0e\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e741\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u65f6\u95f4\u79bb\u5883\u56de\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ea6\u871c\u6708\u3002\u770b\u6765\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u5df2\u5b89\u6392\u59a5\u5f53\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u6bcb\u9700\u987e\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u662f\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5546\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u53ca\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u5728\u63a5\u5230\u4eb2\u5bb6\u9a6c\u8f9b\u5df2\u548c\u8001\u53cb\u5218\u5149\u798f\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4f53\u5b71\u5f31\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u62b1\u75c5\u53bb\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u5f70\u5fb7\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u4e8e1932\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u822a\u6d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u66f4\u52a0\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5546\u94fa\u540e\u4fbf\u6df1\u611f\u4e0d\u9002\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e09\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u624b\u628a\u624b\u5730\u6559\u7ed9\u6b21\u5b50\u6797\u4e50\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ecf\u5546\u4e4b\u9053\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8ba9\u5176\u5c3d\u5feb\u719f\u6089\u7ecf\u8425\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e\u5f53\u670825\u65e5\u767b\u4e0a\u8def\u8fc7\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u201c\u541e\u6253\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\uff0c\u9a76\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\u56de\u5bb6\u517b\u75c5\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u8d70\u5f97\u592a\u5306\u5fd9\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u90fd\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u5411\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7533\u8bf7\u56de\u5934\u7eb8\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u79bb\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6d77\u5173\u4ee3\u5176\u529e\u59a5\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u4e09\u5e74\u671f\u7684\u56de\u5934\u7eb8\uff0c\u4ea4\u5176\u5b50\u6797\u5feb\u5e26\u56de\u53bb\u7ed9\u4ed6\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u79bb\u6fb3\uff0c\u4fbf\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u56de\u6765\u4e86\u30021939\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u75c5\u901d\u4e8e\u5bb6\u4e61[20]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u6253\u4e71\u4e86\u6797\u5feb\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53d6\u6d88\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8239\u7968\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u7236\u4eb2\u6559\u5bfc\u4e8c\u5f1f\u6797\u4e50\u5982\u4f55\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5176\u5c3d\u5feb\u63a5\u624b\u5546\u94fa\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7236\u4eb2\u79bb\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u4e5f\u5df2\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u4fbf\u4e00\u8fb9\u7ee7\u7eed\u6307\u5bfc\u4e8c\u5f1f\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u5411\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7533\u8bf7\u5ef6\u7b7e\u5230\u56db\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u6279\u590d\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u5411\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7533\u8bf7\u518d\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5ea6\u5047\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u80fd\u91cd\u8fd4\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ee3\u7236\u7ecf\u8425\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u83b7\u6089\u59bb\u5b50\u6000\u5b55\uff0c\u4ed6\u672a\u53ca\u63a5\u5230\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u6279\u590d\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e3\u670829\u65e5\u643a\u5e26\u65b0\u5a5a\u59bb\u5b50\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u5f70\u5fb7\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\u9a76\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u4e2d\u5c71\u53bf\u77f3\u5c90\u5bb6\u4e61\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u6301\u6709\u5546\u52a1\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u6fb3\u5973\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e8e4\u670812\u65e5\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u7531\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u8981\u62d2\u7edd\u4ed6\u7684\u518d\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u6b64\u6b21\u4e00\u79bb\u5f00\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u91cd\u8fd4\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u3002\u5f85\u5230\u534a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u56e0\u5728\u4e08\u592b\u5bb6\u4e61\u4e2d\u5c71\u53bf\u77f3\u5c90\u4e0d\u53d7\u5a46\u5bb6\u5f85\u89c1\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u662f\u5728\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e2d\u5c71\u540e\u65b9\u624d\u5f97\u77e5\u4e08\u592b\u65e9\u5728\u5bb6\u4e61\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u59bb\u5b50(\u663e\u7136\u662f\u6797\u5feb\u57281928\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u65f6\u7ed3\u7684\u5a5a)\uff0c\u5979\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6210\u4e3a\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u4e8c\u623f\uff0c\u9042\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e749\u6708\u4efd\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u6551\u4e16\u519b\u548c\u6fb3\u7ebd\u519b\u56e2\u9000\u4f0d\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u643a\u5e26\u4e0a\u4e2a\u6708\u624d\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u592a\u5e73\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6fb3\u4eba\u770b\u6765\u6781\u5177\u6b3a\u9a97\u6027\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb(\u56e0\u4e4b\u524d\u6797\u5feb\u9690\u7792\u5df2\u5a5a)\u53ca\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u4f20\u5a92\u5927\u8086\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5934\u6761\u65b0\u95fb[21]<\/a>\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5728\u5f53\u5e7410\u6708\u5e95\u6700\u7ec8\u6b63\u5f0f\u62d2\u7edd\u6797\u5feb\u91cd\u8fd4\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u7531\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u5219\u662f\uff0c\u6797\u5feb\u4e0e\u6fb3\u5973\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e8b\u5148\u5e76\u672a\u83b7\u5f97\u7236\u6bcd\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u6253\u4e71\u4e86\u6797\u8302\u5bf9\u5176\u5546\u94fa\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u6fb3\u59bb\u56de\u4e2d\u5c71\u63a2\u4eb2\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u88ab\u9010\u51fa\u5bb6\u95e8[22]<\/a>\u3002\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e5f\u5c31\u6b64\u4e0e\u4ed6\u65e0\u7f18\uff0c\u4ed6\u968f\u540e\u53bb\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c55\u5f00\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6797\u4e50\u4ee5\u66ff\u5de5\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u63a5\u624b\u7ba1\u7406\u7236\u4eb2\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u4e8c\u5e74\u4fbf\u5df2\u62b5\u8fbe\u6fb3\u6d32\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e00\u8fb9\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u534f\u52a9\u5176\u4e8c\u54e5\u6797\u4e50\u7ba1\u7406\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5e97\u94fa\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u8ddf\u4e4b\u524d\u76f8\u6bd4\u5df2\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f1930\u5e74\u5723\u8bde\u8282\u65f6\uff0c\u5546\u94fa\u88ab\u4eba\u653e\u706b\u7206\u7834\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7834\u574f\u8005\u5728\u6b21\u5e74\u7ecf\u6cd5\u5ead\u5ba1\u5224\u83b7\u7f6a[23]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u6253\u51fb\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u5c1a\u9700\u65f6\u65e5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u53d7\u5927\u54e5\u6797\u5feb\u8de8\u79cd\u65cf\u5a5a\u59fb\u800c\u88ab\u62d2\u7b7e\u6765\u6fb3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u751f\u610f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u524d\u751f\u610f\u5174\u9686\u7684\u8fd9\u5bb6\u5546\u94fa\u5728\u4f4e\u6f6e\u671f\u8fd8\u843d\u4e95\u4e0b\u77f3\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u5176\u5f7b\u5e95\u641e\u57ae\u30021935\u5e745\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u51fa\u751f\u540d\u53ebP. S. Chong\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u534e\u4eba\u4fbf\u76f4\u63a5\u81f4\u51fd\u8054\u90a6\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u8f69\u5398\u4e24\u5144\u5f1f\u90fd\u662f\u6301\u5b66\u751f\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6765\u6fb3\u800c\u4ece\u4e8b\u5546\u4e1a\u4e3a\u8f9e\uff0c\u6307\u63a7\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e25\u91cd\u8fdd\u53cd\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u5173\u90e8\u95e8\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7acb\u5373\u9012\u89e3\u51fa\u5883\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u4e5f\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u5176\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u60f3\u63a5\u7ba1\u79df\u8d41\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7269\u4e1a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u65f6\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u79df\u7ea6\u6b63\u597d\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c8\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u597d\u4e86[24]<\/a>\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u592a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4ece\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e88\u4ee5\u56de\u590d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7ebf\u7d22\uff1b\u800c\u6b64\u540e\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u79df\u7ea6\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u7eed\u7b7e\uff0c\u76f4\u52301950\u5e74\u4ee3\u90fd\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5730\u5740\u7ecf\u8425\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u6574\u4f53\u8425\u4e1a\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5229\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u4e8e1920\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u52301930\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5927\u8427\u6761\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50cf\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c0f\u672c\u7ecf\u8425\u5e76\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u672c\u5730\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u51b2\u51fb\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u8981\u6062\u590d\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u5730\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u8f69\u5398\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u5927\u54e5\u6797\u5feb\u88ab\u5bb6\u91cc\u9010\u51fa\u4ee5\u53ca\u5ac2\u5b50\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u95f4\u5173\u8fd4\u56de\u6fb3\u6d32\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u542f\u7a0b\u524d\u6765\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u3002\u62b5\u57e0\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u63a5\u8fd1\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u53ca\u65f6\u53bb\u5ff5\u4e66\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5373\u5c06\u653e\u6691\u5047\u7684\u90a3\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\uff0c\u5728\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u91cc\u534f\u52a9\u4e8c\u54e5\u548c\u4e09\u54e5\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u76f4\u52301933\u5e74\u65b0\u5b66\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5165\u8bfb\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u8fdb\u516518\u5c81\u7684\u5e74\u7eaa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u524d\u4ed6\u5c31\u5728\u77f3\u5c90\u8bfb\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6545\u4ed6\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a5\u7740\u5ff5\u4e2d\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6821\u957f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u8bfb\u52301937\u5e74\u4e0a\u534a\u5b66\u671f\u3002\u5728\u8bfe\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u60dc\u5360\u7528\u4e2a\u522b\u7684\u4e0a\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8f69\u5398\u90fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5e97\u91cc\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5144\u957f\u505a\u5de5\u30021934\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4e8c\u54e5\u6797\u4e50\u56e0\u7b7e\u8bc1\u5230\u671f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7eed\u7559\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u4ece\u8fd9\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e09\u54e5\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u9000\u5b66\uff0c\u63a5\u624b\u4ee3\u7236\u5bf9\u8be5\u5e97\u8fdb\u884c\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

1937\u5e745\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u65b0\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u4fdd\u541b\u5efa\u81f4\u51fd\u6fb3\u6d32\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\uff0c\u8c13\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u56e0\u4eba\u624b\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u4ff1\u4f73\u4e4b\u4eba\u62c5\u4efb\u8944\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4eba\u9009\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u552f\u8f69\u5398\u6700\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u6545\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u5b66\u751f\u7b7e\u8bc1\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5546\u52a1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u770b\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4fdd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u7531\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u663e\u7136\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6279\u590d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u5426\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f69\u5398\u662f\u4ee5\u5b66\u751f\u8eab\u4efd\u6765\u6fb3\u4e3a\u7531\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e865500\u9551\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7531\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u4ff1\u4f73\u7684\u8f69\u5398\u52a0\u5165\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u5176\u4e1a\u7ee9\u52bf\u5fc5\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8be5\u5546\u94fa\u4e4b\u4e1a\u7ee9\u597d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u80fd\u7ed9\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u7f34\u7eb3\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7a0e\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e7410\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u4fdd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u518d\u51fd\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u79d8\u4e66\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u7531\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3b\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u7ed9\u8f69\u5398\u8f6c\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6362\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u4ee3\u7406\u7ecf\u7406\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u4e5f\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u4fdd\u541b\u5efa\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ed6\u5411\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u9648\u60c5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u80fd\u6309\u7167\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u8bb8\u8bfa\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u653f\u7b56\u529e\u4e8b\u3002\u8be5\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5bb6\u5728\u6fb3\u534e\u4eba\u6240\u529e\u5546\u53f7\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e4b\u5e74\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u8d85\u8fc75000\u9551\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5141\u4ece\u6d77\u5916\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e00\u540d\u52a9\u7406\u534f\u52a9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u636e\u6b64\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u5401\u8bf7\u5f53\u5c40\u7ed9\u5176\u5144\u5f1f\u8f69\u5398\u8f6c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u548c\u6362\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u80fd\u5c06\u5546\u94fa\u751f\u610f\u505a\u597d\u505a\u5927\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6c64\u65f6\u5a01\u7089\u6d77\u5173\u7a0e\u6536\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u540c\u60c5\u6797\u8302\u53f7\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u77e5\u5176\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u8425\u4e0d\u6613\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u5141\u51c6\u6dfb\u52a0\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u751f\u610f\u53d1\u5c55\u58ee\u5927\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u76ca\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u6d77\u5173\u7a0e\u6536\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u79ef\u6781\u5411\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u63a8\u8350\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e00\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u523011\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u756a\u8003\u8651\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u590d\u51fd\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u4fdd\u541b\u5efa\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5\u540c\u6837\u7406\u7531\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7533\u8bf7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u65f6\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u5e74\u4e03\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u6218\u706b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5ef6\u70e7\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u968f\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u8f70\u70b8\u5e7f\u5dde\uff0c\u60e8\u8c61\u6050\u6016\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u60e6\u8bb0\u7740\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u4eb2\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u8ba9\u8f69\u5398\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u53d7\u6218\u706b\u4e4b\u6ce2\u53ca\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u8fd8\u79ef\u6781\u8054\u7edc\u96ea\u68a8\u6c38\u751f\u884c\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u5218\u5149\u798f\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u6df7\u8840\u513f\u3001\u539f\u7c4d\u53f0\u5c71\u7684\u540e\u8005\u5728\u96ea\u68a8\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u548c\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u540d\u6c14\u90fd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4e0e\u653f\u754c\u4e5f\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u51fa\u9762\u8054\u7edc\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u58f0\u671b\u7684\u897f\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u653f\u5ba2\u5e2e\u5fd9\u63a8\u52a8\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u7ed9\u8f69\u5398\u8f6c\u6362\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5218\u5149\u798f\u5f88\u8bb2\u4e49\u6c14\uff0c\u4f7f\u5c3d\u4e86\u6d51\u8eab\u89e3\u6570\uff0c\u4e3a\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e24\u808b\u63d2\u5200\uff0c\u591a\u65b9\u5954\u8d70\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u52aa\u529b\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u594f\u6548\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u56e0\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u5ba2\u670b\u53cb\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u800c\u4f5c\u7f62\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8f69\u5398\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u56de\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u76f4\u52301938\u5e74\u5e95\u62ff\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ef6\u671f\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u5e74\u768410\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u6ee124\u5468\u5c81\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5e74\u8fc724\u5c81\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u7167\u89c4\u77e9\u7ed3\u675f\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u7236\u4eb2\u6797\u8302\u81ea1932\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u517b\u75c5\u4e4b\u540e\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u80fd\u8fd4\u6fb3\uff0c\u52301939\u5e74\u75c5\u901d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u4fbf\u53d6\u4ee3\u7236\u4eb2\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6c38\u4e45\u7ba1\u7406\u7236\u4eb2\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u5c31\u5c06\u4e94\u5e74\u524d\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u4e8c\u54e5\u6797\u4e50\u518d\u6b21\u7533\u8bf7\u56de\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5546\u884c\u8944\u7406\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u4ed6\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u7ecf\u591a\u5e74\u8270\u8f9b\u540e\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u53c8\u6709\u6240\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5546\u94fa[25]<\/a>\u3002\u6797\u4e50\u65e9\u57281930\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0e\u9a6c\u8f9b\u5df2\u7684\u5973\u513f\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u662f\u73b0\u4efb\u96ea\u68a8\u6c38\u751f\u516c\u53f8\u7ecf\u7406\u9a6c\u4eae\u534e(Mar Leong Wah)\u7684\u59b9\u592b\u3002\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u5c06\u4e8c\u54e5\u518d\u6b21\u529e\u7406\u6765\u5230\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u7236\u4eb2\u5546\u884c\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u4e8c\u54e5\u4e0e\u6c38\u751f\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4eb2\u621a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u521b\u9020\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5f85\u628a\u4e8c\u54e5\u5165\u5883\u8fd4\u6fb3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u529e\u7406\u597d\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u60f3\u5c3d\u529e\u6cd5\u5c06\u56db\u5f1f\u8f69\u5398\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

1939\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u8f69\u5398\u5e74\u6ee124\u5c81\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u671f\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u9662\u957f\u9ea6\u5361\u5229(R. G. McCartney)\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u4fdd\u541b\u5efa\u5206\u522b\u81f4\u51fd\u6fb3\u6d32\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8f69\u5398\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u653b\u8bfb\u5927\u4e13\u4f1a\u8ba1\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u518d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4e00\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u9879\u79d1\u76ee\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f1a\u8ba1\u6587\u51ed\u3002\u56e0\u4e66\u9662\u9662\u957f\u5728\u4fe1\u91cc\u5bf9\u8f69\u5398\u5728\u6821\u8868\u73b0\u5341\u5206\u8d5e\u8d4f\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u9662\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u5b66\u4e1a\uff0c\u6545\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u572811\u6708\u521d\u4fbf\u9996\u80af\u518d\u7ed9\u4e88\u4ed6\u4e00\u5e74\u5c55\u7b7e\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u58f0\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8f69\u5398\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7167\u987e\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8f69\u5398\u8981\u53c2\u52a0\u8be5\u9879\u4f1a\u8ba1\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u9ea6\u5361\u5229\u9662\u957f\u518d\u6b21\u81f4\u51fd\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u56e0\u8f69\u5398\u8fd1\u671f\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u9002\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u4ecd\u5bf9\u8be5\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4e66\u9662\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u95e8\u8003\u8bd5\u5c55\u671f\u5230\u660e\u5e74\u53731941\u5e744\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7531\u6b64\u5e0c\u671b\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8f69\u5398\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u518d\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u6069\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ed9\u5176\u5c55\u7b7e\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u867d\u7136\u5e76\u672a\u80fd\u5982\u5176\u6240\u613f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6298\u4e2d\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u8f69\u5398\u5c55\u7b7e\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u6548\u671f\u52301941\u5e745\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u7b97\u662f\u5f88\u7ed9\u9762\u5b50\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u6b64\u65f6\u6fb3\u6d32\u56e01939\u5e74\u6b27\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u800c\u52a0\u5165\u82f1\u56fd\u4f5c\u6218\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5230\u53cd\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u9635\u8425\u5df2\u6709\u4e8c\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u519b\u961f\u4e5f\u88ab\u6d3e\u9001\u5230\u4e2d\u4e1c\u3001\u5317\u975e\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u6218\u573a\u4e0e\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u8f74\u5fc3\u56fd\u4ea4\u6218\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u5168\u6c11\u52a8\u5458\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6388\u8bfe\u7531\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u7ed9\u8f69\u5398\u5b9a\u597d\u7684\u4f1a\u8ba1\u8003\u8bd5\u65e5\u671f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u518d\u6b21\u5ef6\u671f\u52301941\u5e7410\u6708\u4efd\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5144\u5f1f\u4f1a\u4e66\u9662\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u90fd\u5411\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u9648\u60c5\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u8f69\u5398\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de6\u53f3\u8005\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3b\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8f69\u5398\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u6b64\u65f6\u6218\u4e89\u7ed9\u6fb3\u6d32\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u518d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4e00\u5e74\u5c55\u7b7e\u3002\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u8861\u91cf\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u786e\u5b9e\u522b\u65e0\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u9042\u518d\u5c06\u7b7e\u8bc1\u5c55\u671f\u52301942\u5e745\u67084\u65e5\u3002\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u8f69\u5398\u5c06\u5e74\u6ee127\u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c1942\u5e74\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u8f6c\u6298\u5e74\u4efd\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e00\u5e74\u5e95\u65e5\u672c\u6d77\u519b\u5947\u88ad\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u7684\u6d77\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\uff0c\u5f15\u7206\u4e86\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u968f\u5373\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u5ba3\u6218\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u76df\u56fd\u7ec4\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u65e5\u519b\u5357\u4e0b\u7684\u76df\u519b\u3002\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u9886\u5730\u65b0\u51e0\u5185\u4e9a\u88ab\u65e5\u519b\u5360\u9886\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u5317\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u6e2f\u53e3\u53ca\u6d77\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u906d\u5230\u65e5\u519b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7a7a\u88ad\u8f70\u70b8\uff0c\u6218\u706b\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u5317\u9762\u548c\u4e1c\u9762\u70e7\u5230\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u95e8\u53e3\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u7531\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u56fd\u52a8\u5458\uff0c\u5728\u5468\u8fb9\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u4ea6\u5373\u897f\u5357\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5730\u533a\u4e0e\u65e5\u519b\u5c55\u5f00\u6b8a\u6b7b\u6218\u6597\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u56e0\u65e9\u5728\u4e94\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5176\u8270\u82e6\u5353\u7edd\u7684\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u6297\u51fb\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ca\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u8f74\u5fc3\u56fd\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u53cd\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u540c\u76df\u7684\u4e00\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f69\u5398\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u7ee7\u7eed\u7559\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u7684\u5927\u597d\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u5165\u6218\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u76df\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u5728\u6fb3\u7b7e\u8bc1\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u52a8\u30021942\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u96ea\u68a8\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u6bb5\u8302\u6f9c\u81f4\u51fd\u6fb3\u6d32\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u8f69\u5398\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8eab\u4efd\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4f5c\u96c7\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5f97\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8944\u7406\u534f\u52a9\u7ecf\u8425\u30028\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u590d\u51fd\u6bb5\u8302\u6f9c\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u7ed9\u8f69\u5398\u8f6c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u56e0\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff0c\u8be5\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e3a\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u81f31945\u5e746\u670830\u65e5\u6b62\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5c4a\u65f6\u6218\u4e89\u4ecd\u672a\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5219\u81ea\u52a8\u5ef6\u7b7e\u4e8c\u5e74\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u6797\u8302\u53f7\uff0c\u8f6c\u5230\u540c\u57e0\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5bb6\u5546\u884c\u201cBrightways\u201d(\u660e\u8def\u53f7)\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u62ab\u9732\u51fa\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u8ba9\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u8f6c\u53bb\u522b\u7684\u5546\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u4eba\u4e3a\u6b64\u4f5c\u51fa\u8054\u60f3\uff0c\u5373\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u56db\u5f1f\u8f69\u5398\u7684\u5165\u4f19\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u817e\u51fa\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u8f69\u5398\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u5446\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u57281945\u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u83b7\u5f97\u5c55\u7b7e\u3002\u7531\u662f\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5728\u6797\u4e50\u3001\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u8f69\u5398\u4e09\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u534f\u529b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u5144\u5f1f\u4ee8\u7684\u9f50\u5fc3\u5408\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u4e1a\u7ee9\u6590\u7136\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1a\u7ee9\u4e5f\u8ddf\u6218\u4e89\u7ed9\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\u57ce\u5e02\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7e41\u8363\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6218\u65f6\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6fb3\u519b\u548c\u76df\u519b\u7684\u6d77\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u6fb3\u519b\u548c\u7f8e\u519b\u90e8\u961f\u96c6\u7ed3\u4e8e\u8be5\u57e0\u5468\u56f4\uff0c\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u7269\u8d44\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6781\u5927\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d27\u54c1\u7684\u5546\u94fa\uff0c\u7686\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u57281945\u5e74\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u8fbe\u523031709\u9551\u3002\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8fdb\u5165\u590d\u5458\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u57281946\u5e74\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u4ecd\u7136\u670910067\u9551\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5546\u884c\u9664\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5144\u5f1f\u4ee8\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u96c7\u6709\u4e8c\u540d\u6fb3\u6d32\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4e3a\u5e97\u5458\u534f\u52a9\u7ecf\u8425\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u751f\u610f\u53d1\u5c55\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u6797\u4e50\u7684\u5546\u52a1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0d\u65ad\u5ef6\u7b7e\u3002\u52301947\u5e749\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u79fb\u6c11\u90e8\u7b7e\u53d1\u768412\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u6709\u6548\u4e4b\u518d\u5165\u5883\u7b7e\u8bc1\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53bb\u5230\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u9996\u5e9c\u5e87\u5398\u58eb\u5f6c(Brisbane)\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u642d\u4e58\u8fc7\u8def\u7684\u201c\u5c71\u897f\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\u524d\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u516b\u5e74\u672a\u66fe\u89c1\u9762\u7684\u59bb\u5c0f\u56e2\u805a[26]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u57281946\u5e74\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u8f69\u5398\u4e24\u5144\u5f1f\u5c06\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u884c\u4f5c\u4e86\u6539\u7ec4\uff0c\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e3a\u201c\u6797\u8302\u5144\u5f1f\u884c\u201d(Lum Mow Brothers)\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u6ce8\u518c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5546\u884c\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u53ca\u4f20\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u7ec4\u5efa\u7684\u5546\u884c\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5144\u5f1f\u4e8c\u4eba\u7686\u4e3a\u80a1\u4e1c\uff0c\u5404\u5360\u4e00\u534a\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u54e5\u6797\u4e50\u5219\u53ea\u505a\u96c7\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u5165\u80a1\u3002\u5546\u884c\u867d\u7136\u4ecd\u7136\u9500\u552e\u65e5\u7528\u6742\u8d27\u548c\u852c\u83dc\u6c34\u679c\u5e76\u517c\u8425\u7cd5\u70b9\u7cd6\u679c\u53ca\u996e\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u8d38\u6613\u30021947\u5e74\u7684\u5934\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b63\u5ea6\uff0c\u8be5\u5546\u884c\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u53e3\u4ef7\u503c650\u9551\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u8425\u4e1a\u989d\u9010\u5e74\u4e0a\u5347\uff1a1948\u5e74\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e3a15895\u9551\uff0c1949\u5e7415712\u9551\uff0c1950\u5e7414757\u9551\uff0c1951\u5e7424284\u9551\uff0c1952\u5e7434748\u9551[27]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u610f\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u57281947\u5e74\u5c06\u201c\u6797\u8302\u5144\u5f1f\u884c\u201d\u4ea4\u7531\u56db\u5f1f\u8f69\u5398\u5177\u4f53\u7ba1\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u62bd\u8eab\u524d\u5f80\u96ea\u68a8\uff0c\u5728\u6c38\u751f\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u9a6c\u4eae\u534e(\u6797\u4e50\u7684\u5185\u5144)\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u5408\u80a1\u5728\u4ea8\u7279\u8857(Hunter Street)\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e00\u5bb6\u9910\u9986\uff0c\u5c06\u4e1a\u52a1\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u9910\u996e\u4e1a[28]<\/a>\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8c\u54e5\u6797\u4e50\u57281949\u5e74\u521d\u8fd4\u56de\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6765\u5230\u96ea\u68a8\u534f\u52a9\u4ed6\u4e00\u8d77\u7ecf\u8425[29]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u9910\u996e\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f88\u987a\u5229\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u80a1\u4e1c\u592a\u591a(\u5305\u62ec\u6797\u8302\u5144\u5f1f\u4fe9\u5171\u516b\u4f4d\u80a1\u4e1c)\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u5236\u8098\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u9910\u9986\u4e8e1949\u5e748\u670822\u65e5\u6b63\u5f0f\u6e05\u76d8[30]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6797\u8302\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6863\u6848\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u5217\u6863\u6848\u8de8\u8d8a\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u884c\uff0c\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4eba\u5728\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u4e25\u63a7\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u79fb\u6c11\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5c06\u521b\u4e1a\u8005\u7684\u5546\u884c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4f20\u627f\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u8f69\u5398\u91cd\u7ec4\u201c\u6797\u8302\u5144\u5f1f\u884c\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6709\u6548\u671f\u90fd\u5ef6\u81f31954\u5e746\u670830\u65e5\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0e\u6fb3\u6d32\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u5973\u5b50\u6210\u4eb2\u3002\u800c\u6797\u4e50\u5982\u679c\u57281947\u5e74\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5176\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6709\u6548\u671f\u662f\u52301952\u5e745\u670830\u65e5\uff1b\u4f46\u4ed6\u57281949\u5e74\u91cd\u8fd4\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e5f\u5ef6\u81f3\u4e0e\u5176\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\u3002\u81f3\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u4ee5\u5c06\u59bb\u5c0f\u7533\u8bf7\u6765\u6fb3\u56e2\u805a\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f\u4e00\u8d77\u9646\u7eed\u5f52\u5316\u4e3a\u6fb3\u6d32\u7c4d[31]<\/a>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6797\u4e50\u548c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u5c06\u751f\u610f\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u9910\u996e\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u5e76\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u81f31960\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u7684\u751f\u610f\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u62a5\u520a\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u201c\u6797\u8302\u5144\u5f1f\u884c\u201d\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u968f\u7740\u6797\u8302\u5bb6\u65cf\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u8f6c\u5f80\u5176\u4ed6\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u88ab\u6797\u8302\u9010\u51fa\u5bb6\u95e8\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb(\u5a01\u5ec9\u6797\u8302)\u56e0\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u53ca\u8de8\u79cd\u65cf\u8054\u59fb\u800c\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u62a8\u51fb\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u57281930\u5e74\u4ee3\u6797\u5feb\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u90fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5411\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8054\u90a6\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u7533\u8bc9\u4e89\u53d6\u91cd\u8fd4\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\uff0c\u7ec8\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u51c6\u7b7e\u8bc1\u56de\u6765\u4e0e\u59bb\u513f\u56e2\u805a\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u81ea\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6700\u7ec8\u57281964\u5e74\u4e0e\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u5c14\u6b63\u5f0f\u79bb\u5a5a[32]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5de6\u4e00\uff1a\u6797\u83021904\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\uff1b\u5de6\u4e8c\uff1a\u6797\u83021906\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\uff1b\u5de6\u4e09\uff1a\u6797\u83021912\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\uff1b\u5de6\u56db\uff1a\u6797\u83021914\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5de6\u4e00\uff1a\u6797\u83021917\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\uff1b\u5de6\u4e8c\uff1a\u6797\u83021923\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\uff1b\u5de6\u4e09\uff1a\u6797\u83021925\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\uff1b\u5de6\u56db\uff1a\u6797\u83021928\u5e74\u7684\u514d\u8bd5\u7eb8\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5de6\uff1a1928\u5e74\u8f69\u5398\u6797\u8302\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7413\u5c81\uff1b\u4e2d\uff1a1939\u5e7410\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302\u7684\u5916\u4fa8\u767b\u8bb0\u5361\uff1b\u53f3\uff1a1931\u5e74\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302(\u53f3)\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5e97\u94fa\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u5de6\u4e00\uff1a\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa1929\u5e7412\u670830\u65e5\u5e7f\u544a\uff1b\u5de6\u4e8c\uff1a\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa1931\u5e749\u67081\u65e5\u5e7f\u544a\uff1b\u53f3\uff1a\u6797\u8302\u5144\u5f1f\u884c\u5546\u94fa1950\u5e748\u670825\u65e5\u5e7f\u544a\u3002\u6765\u6e90\uff1aTownsville Daily Bulletin\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f53\u65e5\u5e7f\u544a\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1929\u5e741\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u6797\u8302(\u6797\u5feb)\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u7533\u8bf7\u80de\u5f1f\u8f69\u5398\u6797\u8302\u548c\u5802\u5f1f\u4f50\u6cbb\u672c\u6765\u6fb3\u62a4\u7167\u548c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6240\u586b\u5199\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

1929\u5e742\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u4ee3\u7406\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u5434\u52e4\u8bad\u4e3a\u8f69\u5398\u6797\u8302\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u62a4\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Stokes Street, looking towards Ross Creek, Townsville, 1949 \u6797\u8302\u53f7\u5546\u94fa\u6240\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u57e0\u7684\u8857\u9053\u4f4d\u7f6e\u56fe\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a1949\u5e74\u62cd\u6444 (\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/version\/250706336<\/a>)<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5de6\u4e00\u548c\u5de6\u4e8c\u4e3a1921\u5e74\u6797\u8302\u4e3a\u7533\u8bf7\u513f\u5b50\u6797\u5feb(William Lum Mow)\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u6240\u586b\u5199\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8868\uff1b\u53f3\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ed3\u5a5a\u7684\u5a01\u5ec9\u6797\u8302\u4e0e\u963f\u683c\u59ae\u4e1d\u4e8e1932\u5e748\u6708\u5728\u4e2d\u5c71\u53bf\u77f3\u5c90\u9547\u6240\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u6069\u7231\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1921\u5e745\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u603b\u9886\u4e8b\u9b4f\u5b50\u4eac\u7ed9\u6797\u5feb\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u62a4\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u9ec4\u6606\u7ae0\uff1a\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u56db\u9091\u7c4d\u534e\u4fa8\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u300a\u4e94\u9091\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7248\u300b\uff0c1996\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\uff0c80-85\u9875\uff1b\u9ec4\u6606\u7ae0\uff1a\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u56db\u9091\u7c4d\u534e\u4fa8\u534e\u4eba(\u7eed)\uff0c\u300a\u4e94\u9091\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7248\u300b\uff0c1996\u5e74\u7b2c2\u671f\uff0c75-79\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aCathie R. May, Topsawyers, the Chinese in Cairns, 1870-1920, Townsville: James Cook University, History Department, 1984\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u5165\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u9ea6\u4e16\u82f1(Mak Sai Ying)\uff0c1818\u5e74\u6765\u81ea\u5e7f\u5dde\u3002\u89c1Valerie Blomer, An Alien in the Antipodes:\u00a0 The Story of John Shying, unpublished manuscript, 1999; \u201cA Native Canton\u201d, Signals 123, June-August 2018, pp.66-69\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u6279\u79fb\u5c45\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u59cb\u4e8e\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u30021848\u5e74\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5f00\u59cb\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u53a6\u95e8\u5f15\u8fdb\u5951\u7ea6\u52b3\u5de5\uff0c\u9996\u6279\u62b5\u6fb3\u8005120\u4eba\u3002\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aSing-wu Wang, The Organization of the Chinese Emigration 1848-1888, San Francisco, 1978\uff1b\u5f20\u79cb\u751f\uff1a\u9996\u6279\u534e\u5de5\u5165\u6fb3\u65f6\u95f4\u8003\uff0c\u300a\u66a8\u5357\u5b66\u62a5\u300b(\u54f2\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66)\uff0c1992\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u6dd8\u91d1\u70ed\u5174\u8d77\u540e\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5927\u6279\u7684\u5e7f\u4e1c\u56db\u9091\u548c\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u7684\u5e7f\u5e9c\u4eba\u30021857\u5e74\uff0c\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u670925424\u4eba\u3002\u636e\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c401925\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5386\u5e74\u4eba\u53e3\u7efc\u8ff0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u52301881\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u6fb3\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4e3a38533\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u957f\u3002\u56e0\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6765\u52bf\u592a\u6c79\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u88d4\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u6392\u534e\u58f0\u6d6a\u9aa4\u8d77\uff0c\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u9042\u591a\u65b9\u9650\u5236\u534e\u4eba\u5165\u5883\u3002\u968f\u77401901\u5e74\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u8054\u90a6\u7684\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\uff0c\u6392\u65a5\u4e9a\u88d4\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u52301921\u5e74\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b20812\u4eba\u3002\u8be6\u89c1\uff1a\u201dChinese in Australia\u201d, in Year Book 1925. http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/Previousproducts\/1301.0Feature%20Article21925?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=1301.0&issue=1925&num=&view=[15\/09\/2012 5:40:23 PM]\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u4ece\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6863\u6848\u9986\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684200\u591a\u4e2a\u6709\u5173\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u5c71\u4eba\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5b97\u5377\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u7236\u8f88\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e8e\u65b0\u5357\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u5dde\u548c\u6606\u58eb\u5170\u5dde\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5f53\u5e74\u4e2d\u5c71\u4eba\u8d74\u6fb3\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5dde\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a\u7c9f\u660e\u9c9c\u7f16\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u56fd\u7ca4\u4eba\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u6863\u6848\u6c47\u7f16\uff1a\u4e2d\u5c71\u5377\u300b\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2016\u5e74\u3002\u53e6\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a\u6881\u57f9\u3001\u90d1\u5609\u9510\uff1a\u4e2d\u5c71\u4eba\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\uff0c\u8f7d\u90d1\u5609\u9510\u3001\u674e\u627f\u57fa\u7b49(\u7f16\u64b0)\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u5c71\u4eba\u5728\u6fb3\u6d32\u300b(\u300a\u4e2d\u5c71\u6587\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c24\u8f91)\uff0c\u653f\u534f\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u4e2d\u5c71\u5e02\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6587\u53f2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c1992\u5e74\uff1b\u6768\u8fdb\u53d1\u8457\u3001\u59da\u6960\u3001\u9648\u7acb\u8d35\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u65b0\u91d1\u5c71\uff1a\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u534e\u4eba \u00a01901-1921\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bd1\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c1-15\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aSophie Loy-Wilson, Rural Geographies and Chinese Empires: Chinese Storekeepers and Shop-life in Australia, Australian Historical Studies, Volume 45, issue 3 (2014), pp.407-424; Janis Wilton, Chinese Stores in Rural Australia, in Kerrie L. MacPherson (ed.), Asian Department Stores, London and New York: Routledge, 2013, pp.90-113\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0Mow, Lum – Nationality: Chinese [Occupation – Fruiterer] [Born 23 September 1878] – Alien Registration Certificate No 11 issued 17 October 1916 at Townsville, NAA: BP4\/3, CHINESE – MOW LUM\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e8c\u4efd\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u5219\u5206\u522b\u57281919\u5e74\u548c1920\u5e74\u62a5\u79f0\u5176\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1877\u5e74\u3002\u89c1\uff1aMow, Lum – Nationality: Chinese [Occupation – Grocer] [Born 1877] – Alien Registration Certificate No 4769 issued 3 June 1919 at Thursday Island, NAA: BP4\/3, CHINESE – MOW LUM; Lum Mow, Lum Goon Way, NAA: J2773, 60\/1920\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4efd\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6797\u8302\u53c8\u81ea\u79f0\u62b5\u6fb3\u5e74\u4efd\u662f1894\u5e74\u3002\u89c1\uff1aLum Mow, Henry – Student exemption certificate, NAA: A433, 1949\/2\/7501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow of Townsville, Qld – birthplace: Canton, China – departed Townsville, Queensland on the Eastern 25 April 1904, NAA: J2482, 1904\/57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow, Lum Goon Way, NAA: J2773, 60\/1920\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9]<\/a>\u00a0\u52301932\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6863\u6848\u663e\u793a\u6797\u8302\u7684\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u8bb0\u5f55\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a1\u30011906\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u5f70\u5fb7\u201d\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u52301908\u5e748\u670821\u65e5\u56de\u57e0(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton – departed for China per CHINGTU on 3 December 1906, returned to Townsville per TAIYUAN on 21 August 1908, NAA: J3136, 1906\/215)\uff1b2\u30011912\u5e742\u670828\u65e5\u4e58\u5750\u201c\u708e\u6d3e\u201d(Empire)\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u79bb\u6e2f\uff0c\u52301913\u5e746\u670812\u65e5\u56de\u6fb3(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton – departed for China per EMPIRE on 28 February 1912, returned to Townsville per EMPIRE on 12 June 1913, NAA: J2483, 91\/90)\uff1b3\u30011914\u5e7412\u670829\u65e5\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u65e5\u7acb\u4e38\u201d(Hitachi Maru)\u73ed\u8f6e\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u52301916\u5e747\u670829\u65e5\u8fd4\u6fb3(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow (of Townsville) – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton – departed for Hong Kong per HITACHI MARU on 29 [28] December 1914, returned to Townsville per NIKKO MARU on 29 July 1916, NAA: J2483, 170\/57)\uff1b4\u30011918\u5e741\u67083\u65e5\u4e58\u201c\u5b89\u827a\u4e38\u201d(Aki Maru)\u73ed\u8f6e\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u81f31919\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\u8fd4\u56de\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow (of Townsville) – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton – departed for China per AKI MARU on 3 January 1918, returned to Townsville per AKI MARU on 6 June 1919, NAA: J2483, 237\/65)\uff1b5\u30011923\u5e743\u670825\u65e5\u4e58\u5750\u201c\u5723\u67ef\u9732\u6ee8\u201d(St Albans)\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u81f31924\u5e748\u670816\u65e5\u8fd4\u57e0(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton China – departed for China per ST ALBANS 25 March 1923 returned Townsville per VICTORIA 18 August 1924, NAA: J2483, 346\/54)\uff1b6\u30011925\u5e7412\u670822\u65e5\u4e58\u5750\u540c\u4e00\u8258\u73ed\u8f6e\u201c\u5723\u67ef\u9732\u6ee8\u201d\u53f7\u79bb\u6e2f\uff0c\u4e8c\u5e74\u540e\u76841927\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u541e\u6253\u201d(Tanda)\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u56de\u5230\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton China – departed for China per ST ALBANS 22 December 1925 returned Townsville per TANDA 20 December 1927, NAA: J2483, 391\/62)\uff1b7\u30011929\u5e741\u670818\u65e5\u4e58\u5750\u201c\u541e\u6253\u201d\u53f7\u73ed\u8f6e\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u52301932\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u642d\u4e58\u201c\u5f70\u5fb7\u201d\u53f7\u8f6e\u8239\u8fd4\u56de\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089(Certificate Exempting from Dictation Test (CEDT) – Name: Lum Mow – Nationality: Chinese – Birthplace: Canton – departed for China per TANDA 18 January 1929 returned Townsville per CHANGTE 1 January 1932, NAA: J2483, 457\/85)\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u51fa\u5883\u5730\u70b9\u90fd\u5728\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow, Lum Goon Way, NAA: J2773, 60\/1920\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/a>\u00a0Chinese merchants and students. Conditions governing entry into Australia, NAA: A2998, 1951\/2130\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Wie – Student exemption – Business exemption, NAA: A433, 1942\/2\/3297\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u4e0e\u6797\u5feb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4efd\u957f\u8fbe152\u9875\u7684\u5b97\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/a>\u00a0\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c1935\u5e74\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u4e1c\u839e\u53bf\u7684\u738b\u798f(Wong Fook)\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u5176\u5b50\u738b\u4f1f\u6797(William Wong)\u8d74\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u5df1\u5c06\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u6708\u8bb0\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u88ab\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u62d2\u7b7e\uff1b\u540e\u7ecf\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65b9\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6539\u6b63\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u7b7e\u3002\u89c1\uff1aWilliam Wong – educational exemption certificate, NAA: A2998, 1951\/4197\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow, Henry – Student exemption certificate [3cms], NAA: A443, 1949\/2\/7501\u3002\u672c\u6587\u81ea\u8f69\u5398\u6797\u8302\u62b5\u6fb3\u7559\u5b66\u540e\u6709\u5173\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u53f2\u5b9e\u90fd\u51fa\u81ea\u8fd9\u4efd\u6709167\u9875\u7684\u5b97\u5377\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302\u7684\u8d44\u8baf\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b97\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/a>\u00a0\u5728\u6797\u8302\u6863\u6848\u5b97\u5377\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u5176\u6b21\u5b50\u7559\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b97\u5377\uff0c\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u901a\u5e38\u662fNorman Lum Mow\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6797\u5feb(Lum Wie)\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u4e00\u4efd1931\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u662f\u7528Norman Lum Lock\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u62fc\u97f3\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5e7f\u5e9c\u4eba\u8bfb\u97f3\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u4f3c\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u201c\u6797\u4e50\u201d\u3002\u6839\u636e\u524d\u8ff0\u6797\u5feb\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u6797\u4e50\u57281930\u5e74\u66fe\u505c\u5b66\u56de\u56fd\u63a2\u4eb2\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u518d\u91cd\u8fd4\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ff5\u4e66\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u6b64\u6b21\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u80b2\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/a>\u00a0Australia-China Co-operation Association Re admission and position of Chinese in Australia, NAA: A433, 1946\/2\/1428\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/a>\u00a0G Bowne – students passport, NAA: A1, 1932\/5282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow, Henry – Student exemption certificate [3cms], NAA: A443, 1949\/2\/7501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19]<\/a>\u00a0Certificate for exemption from dictation test list – Go Quay, King Wah, George Quan, Leong Que, Spence Long [Spencer James Way Dick], Fong Sing, Chun Nam [Chen Name], Chun Mow, Go [Ah] Chee, Fong Long, Leong Louie, Wing Lee, Willie Wong Dong, Hing Yee, Ah Hore, Leung Yeu Quan, Thomas Lum Mow – Passenger list ‘Tanda’ 1\/4\/30 – Arida, Anthony, Hasham, Fox, Munro, Robinson, Durne, Webster, Takebayashi, Watte, Hickson, Ziegler, Vaughan, Robinson, Thomas, Benner, Chun Luim, Wood, Schlittler, Sainty, Slaen, Buckner, Gibson, Pickwick, Marsh, Castner, Mahoney, MacGillivary, Cory, Blunsden, Martel, Edwards, Douglas, Ashe, Hay, Herschel, NAA: J2773, 344\/1930\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u53ef\u8bb0\u5f55\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7559\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e13\u95e8\u6863\u6848\u5b97\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow, Henry – Student exemption certificate [3cms], NAA: A443, 1949\/2\/7501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21]<\/a>\u00a0\u201cUnhappy Experiences of White Girl Who Married Chinese Return to Australia Cairns\u201d, in\u00a0Northern Miner<\/em>, 4 October 1932, p.2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[22]<\/a>\u00a0\u6797\u5feb\u4e0eAgnes Breuer\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5a5a\u59fb\u72b6\u51b5\u53ca\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aKate Bagnall, \u201cA journey of love: Agnes Breuer\u2019s sojourn in 1930s China\u201d, in\u00a0Transnational Ties: Australian Lives in the World<\/em>, edited by Desley Deacon, Penny Russell and Angela Woollacott, ANU Press, 2008, pp. 115-134\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[23]<\/a>\u00a0\u201cYuletide Vandalism: The Lum Mow Affair\u201d, in\u00a0Townsville Daily Bulletin<\/em>, 25 March 1931, p.3; \u201cLum Mow Case: Gillan Committed for Trial\u201d, in\u00a0Brisbane Courier<\/em>, August 10 1931, p.7; \u201cTownsville Criminal Sittings\u201d, in\u00a0Brisbane Courier<\/em>, August 10 1931, p.26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[24]<\/a>\u00a0Personal. Lum Mow Request from P S Chong for deportation of Lum Mow, NAA: A981, PERS\/258\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[25]<\/a>\u00a0Thomas Lum Mow [Chinese – arrived Townsville per SS TANDA, 1 Apr 1930. Box 36], NAA: SP11\/2, CHINESE\/MOW T L\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[26]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow Norman – Chinese – departed 19 September 1947 from Brisbane aboard SHANSI, NAA: BP210\/2, LUM MOW N\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[27]<\/a>\u00a0Lum Mow Brothers, NAA: BP210\/9, 85\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[28]<\/a>\u00a0\u4e00\u4efd\u96ea\u68a8\u7684\u62a5\u7eb8\u57281947\u5e746\u670818\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\u8bf4\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u6797\u8302\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u4ea8\u7279\u885726-28\u53f7\u5408\u80a1\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u9910\u9986\u56e0\u672a\u7b26\u5408\u536b\u751f\u6e05\u6d01\u6807\u51c6\u800c\u88ab\u5404\u7f5a\u6b3e5\u9551\u3002\u89c1\uff1a\u201dFines for Dirty Caf\u00e9\u201d, in\u00a0Sun\u00a0<\/em>(Sydney), 18 June 1947, page 3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[29]<\/a>\u00a0Alan Norman Lum Mow, NAA: A2998, 1951\/588\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[30]<\/a>\u00a0Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales (Sydney, NSW: 1901 – 2001), Friday 7 October 1949\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[31]<\/a>\u00a0Kate Bagnall, \u201cA journey of love: Agnes Breuer\u2019s sojourn in 1930s China\u201d, in\u00a0Transnational Ties: Australian Lives in the World<\/em>, edited by Desley Deacon, Penny Russell and Angela Woollacott, ANU Press, 2008, p. 125, and P. 132\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[32]<\/a>\u00a0\u540c\u4e0a\uff0cp. 133\u3002<\/p>\n

https:\/\/blog.wenxuecity.com\/myblog\/25083\/202011\/21534.html<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201c\u767d\u6fb3\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u534e\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u8f6c\u578b \u2014\u2014\u6fb3\u6863\u6c64\u58eb\u5a01\u7089\u201c\u6797\u8302\u53f7\u201d\u5546\u884c\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u5206\u6790 \u7c9f\u660e\u9c9c   \u6fb3\u5927\u5229 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":232,"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99\/revisions\/232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/australiahome.net\/home2\/mingxian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}